工具分类

提交时间：2006-03-08
提交用户：fatb
工具分类：其它工具
运行平台：Linux
工具大小：332730 Bytes
文件MD5 ：c58e02e0c16168962696e9766da2557c
工具来源：http://www.ntfs-linux.com

这回可以在linux下真正的写NTFS文件系统了，这个东西安装十分简单。
./install.sh --iocharset=gb2312 这样就好了，他会修改fstab的，有兴趣的可以爽爽，不过最好不要用来处理关键数据，掉了东西不要K俺：）

               PARAGON NTFS FOR LINUX IFS DRIVER


              1:   About the NTFS for Linux driver

The NTFS for Linux provides the ability to access files on NTFS
filesystem in Linux platforms.

Historically, different operating systems support different file
systems. For this reason, files for different operating systems
are separated from each other, and common documents must have a
duplicate in every platform. It was a large discomfort for
people who used several platforms on a single computer.

For instance, documents, which are created in Windows and placed
on NTFS partitions, are inaccessible in Linux only because Linux
does not include NTFS support. The user needs actually to
duplicate the document and keep attention to synchronize
periodically copies placed on different partitions. The
seemingly easy action of copying files to another location
becomes a nuisance when source and target locations are
available only in different operating systems.

NTFS for Linux solves these problems - now everyone can access
NTFS partitions from Linux in a usual manner. The driver allows
mounting NTFS partitions, so that programs can work
transparently with these drives- browse contents, open
documents, run applications, work with existing files and create
new ones.

1.1  How NTFS for Linux works

Modern operating systems are based on the concept of Installable
File System drivers (IFS). A user simply needs to provide an
operating system with the proper file system driver to work with
file systems in a usual manner. NTFS for Linux includes the NTFS
driver for Linux environment. After appropriate components of
NTFS for Linux have been installed, the operating system is able
to mount foreign file systems and work with files placed on
them.

1.2  Primary features

NTFS for Linux is released in the Personal and Professional
versions.

Both Personal and Professional versions include following
features:
-  Supporting NTFS ver. 1.2-3.1 (it corresponds to NTFS
   versions provided by Windows NT 4.0, 2000 and XP)
-  Supporting compressed files on NTFS drives
-  Read-only access driver in the Personal version, full
   access driver in the Professional version.


                    2:   System requirements

Minimum hardware requirements:

-  An i568 or compatible CPU
-  16MB of RAM

Supported Linux versions:

-  Linux with kernel versions 2.2.x or 2.4.x or 2.6.x

Prerequisites

A develop environment is required to compile Linux driver. Please
verify these tools are all functional. The easiest way is to choose the
developer toolkit when installing Linux.

- kernel source code or header files
    #rpm -qa|grep kernel-source
- GNU C
    #gcc --version
- GNU make
    #make --version
- binutils
    #ld --version
- modutils
    #insmod -V

Limitations:

-  GNU C compiler (gcc) must have the version 2.95 or higher.
-  The user should login as root to install the IFS driver.
-  Correct operation is not guaranteed when using Linux with
   kernel versions 2.3.x and 2.5.x (which are known for their
   instability)
-  Correct operation is not guaranteed for customized Linux
   kernels

2.1  Shipment

The setup files of NTFS for Linux are provided as the
downloadable gzip-archive, which can be downloaded from the
company site.

2.2  Components

The packet includes following components:
   - The source files for the NTFS for Linux IFS driver.
   - Assistant script files, which are purposed to simplify the
     installation & uninstallation routines.
The specific feature of the NTFS for Linux IFS driver is that
it must be compiled in the user's system for correct
customization. This module is the open source code with
libraries. Before installing the module, one must build a driver
by using the GNU development tools.

2.3  Installing NTFS for Linux IFS driver

The general scheme of working with the NTFS for Linux is the
following:

1. (!) Log in as root. This step is obligatory.
2. Build the IFS driver by using the gcc compiler provided by
   Linux (this step will make the binary module).
3. Install the IFS driver
   (this step will make the module available for use).
4. After building and installing, the IFS driver can be
   referenced as a "used filesystem driver" when mounting NTFS
   partitions. This action is named "activating the driver".
5. To completely remove the driver from the system, one should
   dismount all NTFS partitions, uninstall the IFS driver and
   optionally remove the binary file.

The steps 1, 2 and 4 should be made only once while the step 3
is the standard way of using filesystem drivers in Linux
environment.

NTFS for Linux IFS driver includes a set of assistant script
files for the simplification of building, installing and
uninstalling procedures (steps 1, 2 and 4). Note that these
assistant scripts may fail to work in customized Linux
configurations.

The most friendly and convenient assistant scripts are the
"install.sh" and "uninstall.sh" assistant script files.
The alternative is to use the special makefile together with the
"make" utility.

The sections below describe the installation procedure in
details.

2.3.1     Unpacking setup files

The setup files of the Linux-based version of "NTFS for Linux"
IFS driver are provided in a shape of the .TGZ archive. The
archive should  be copied on a hard disk and decompressed.
Unpack the archive file to this directory. The command would be
the following:

   tar zxC /usr/tmp -f /mnt/cdrom/ntfs4linux/ntfs4linux.tgz

Next, change the current directory to the "/usr/tmp":

   cd /usr/tmp

Next actions are to build and install the IFS driver. These
actions depend on which a set of assistant scripts will be used.

2.3.2     Using the INSTALL.SH assistant script

The assistant script "install.sh" provides the extremely easy
and flexible way to make the IFS driver, install it in the
system and mount all or selective NTFS partitions, which are
currently exist on local hard disks. Additionally, the script
reconfigures the system to mount automatically all selected NTFS
partitions at the system startup.

However, the script "install.sh" requires the development tools
and kernel sources must present and should stay on the default
locations.

The script "install.sh" allows installing the IFS driver in the
unattended  (automatic) or in the interactive (customable) mode.

  Installing in the unattended mode

Simply run the "install.sh" script:

   ./install.sh

The assistant script will automatically perform following
actions:

1. detect the Linux type & kernel version
2. find kernel header files and libraries needed for building
   the driver
3. build the driver binary module
4. install the driver
5. detect and mount all NTFS partitions on all local hard
   disks
6. reconfigure the file "/etc/fstab" to automatically mount
   these partitions at Linux startup.

  Installing in the interactive mode

Run the "install.sh" script with the "--interactive" parameter:

   ./install.sh --interactive

In this case, the script allows a user:
? Selecting a Linux type.
? Choosing whether NTFS partitions should be mounted
   automatically or not.
   If the user confirms automatic mounting of NTFS partitions, all
   of them will be mounted to the end of this session and will be
   mounted automatically at system startup in future.

1. First, the script asks the user to select the Linux type.
   The user should enter the number of the choice.
   The script provides ready-to-use installation schemes for
   RedHat, Mandrake, SuSE, Slackware and Debian. With other Linux
   types, one can try these schemes to obtain positive results.
2. The script tries locating source files and development
   tools automatically. In case of successful locating files, the
   script builds and installs the IFS driver.
   (!) This step cannot be customized in install.sh.
3. The final stage is to find and mount NTFS partitions. The
   script asks a user whether the mount-at-startup is required for
   NTFS partitions. In case of the user confirms it, the script
   searches NTFS partitions on all local hard disks and acquires
   mounting each NTFS partition.
4. All NTFS partitions are mounted in this session and will be
   mounted in future sessions automatically.
   (!) This step cannot be customized in install.sh.

  Advanced use of INSTALL.SH

The assistant script "install.sh" supports following parameters:

   install.sh --help

     - displays the inline help

   install.sh --interactive [--iocharset=<charset>]

     - runs the script "install.sh" in the interactive mode
Parameters:
--help        Display the "how to use" inline help

--interactive    Run the script in the interactive mode.
        If omitted, the script runs in the unattended mode.

--iocharset    Select the codepage or character set, which should
        be applied to the mounted NTFS partition(s).

  INSTALL.SH defaults

-  The assistant script "install.sh" always names the IFS
   driver "NTFS for Linux" as "ufsd" (it is the abbreviation of the
   project name "Universal File System Driver").
-  The assistant script "install.sh" always mounts NTFS
   partitions to directories named like "/mnt/ntfs_0",
   "/mnt/ntfs_1" etc.

Neither of these features can be customized in the script
"install.sh".

2.3.3     Using the auxiliary makefile

The alternative way of installing the IFS driver is to use the
special makefile together with the system utility "make".

The auxiliary makefile allows building the driver, installing
and uninstalling the driver, activating and deactivating the
module, removing the driver and its source files from the
system:

  Command               Action

make        Build the binary module of the IFS driver.
make install    Install the driver in the system
        (the driver should be built first)
Make load    Activate the driver
        (the driver should be installed first)
Make unload    Deactivate the driver
Make remove    Uninstall the driver from the system
        (the driver must be deactivated first)
make clean    Remove auxiliary compilation files of the IFS
        driver (the driver must be uninstalled first)

  Building the IFS driver

1. Login as root user.
2. Substitute header files in the directories "/usr/include/linux"
   and "/usr/include/asm" by header files of the actual Linux kernel.

For instance, the actions would be the following:
-  Rename the directory "/usr/include/asm".
-  Rename the directory "/usr/include/asm-generic".
-  Rename the directory "/usr/include/linux".
-  In the directory "/usr/include", make the symbolic link to
   the directory ''/usr/src/kernel????/include/asm"
-  In the directory "/usr/include", make the symbolic link to
   the directory ''/usr/src/kernel????/include/asm-generic"
-  In the directory "/usr/include", make the symbolic link to
   the directory ''/usr/src/kernel????/include/linux"

In this example, the subdirectory name " kernel????" should
correspond to the actual kernel version, e.g. "kernel2.4.18-3".

3. Go to the directory, where the driver source files are placed.
   By default, it would be the directory "/usr/tmp".
4. Go to the subdirectory "./ifslinux".
5. Execute the command "make clean".
   This command will remove all traces of the previous driver
   installations, if exists.
6. Execute the command "make".
   This command will build the binary module of the IFS driver.
   (!) No errors or "undefined symbol" messages should appear!

The compiled module "ufsd.o" will be placed to the subdirectory
"./objfre", ready to be installed.

  Installing the IFS driver

1. Login as root user.
2. Go to the directory, where the driver source files are placed.
   By default, it would be the directory "/usr/tmp".
3. Go to the subdirectory "./ifslinux".
4. Execute the command "make remove".
   This command will uninstall a previous version of the IFS driver
   (if exist). In case of this is the most first attempt of the
   driver installation, this step can be omitted.
5. Execute the command "make install".
   This command will install the latest version of the IFS driver.
   (!) No errors or "undefined symbol" messages should appear!

  Activating the IFS driver

1. Login as root user.
2. Go to the directory, where the driver source files are placed.
   By default, it would be the directory "/usr/tmp".
3. Go to the subdirectory "./ifslinux".
4. Execute the command "make load".
   This command will activate the IFS driver.
   (!) No errors or "undefined symbol" messages should appear!
5. Optionally, execute the command "lsmod" to verify the
   successful module loading.

The "NTFS for Linux" IFS driver module is named "ufsd".
An alternative way to activate the IFS driver module is to use
the "insmod" command:

   insmod ufsd


2.4  Uninstalling "NTFS for Linux" IFS driver

The "NTFS for Linux" IFS driver package provides tools for the
driver uninstallation automation.

The assistant script "uninstall.sh" allows completely remove the
driver from the system with correct uninstalling and unmounting
all NTFS partitions. The script supports the unattended and
interactive operation modes.
In addition, the driver's makefile allows performing separately
the driver unloading, uninstallation and the complete removing.

2.4.1     Using the UNINSTALL.SH assistant script

The assistant script "uninstall.sh" provides the extremely easy
and flexible way to deactivate and remove the IFS driver from
the system. The script performs the correct deactivation,
uninstallation and the complete removing of the driver's files.
The script "uninstall.sh" allows installing the IFS driver in
the unattended  or in the interactive mode.

  Uninstalling in the unattended mode

Simply run the "uninstall.sh" script:

   ./uninstall.sh

The assistant script will automatically perform following actions:

1. Unmount all currently mounted NTFS partitions.
   Additionally, the script removes the appropriate mount-point and
   deletes reference to that partition from the "fstab".
   (!) If some NTFS partition was in use, the script is not unmount
   this partition. The further script execution is aborted in this
   case.
2. Deactivate the the IFS driver module.
   (!) If the driver is still in use, the further script execution
   is aborted.
3. Uninstall the IFS driver.
4. Remove all binary and source files of the IFS driver.

  Uninstalling in the interactive mode

Run the "uninstall.sh" script with the "--interactive" parameter:

   ./uninstall.sh --interactive

In this case, the script allows a user:

?Stop the script execution after unmounting all NTFS partitions.
  In this case, the IFS driver will remain available and active.
?Stop the script execution before uninstalling the IFS driver.
  In this case, the IFS driver will remain available for future
  use.
?In case of the user does not stop the script execution, it
  completely uninstalls the driver and removes all of its files.

1. The script tries unmounting all currently mounted NTFS
   partitions and removing references from the "fstab" to
   avoid automatic mounting of this partition in future.
   (!) If some NTFS partition was in use, the script is not unmount
   this partition. The further script execution is aborted.
   (!) This step cannot be customized in install.sh.
2. The script asks a user to continue with the driver
   deactivation. If  the action was confirmed, the script unloads
   the driver.
3. Finally, the script asks a user to continue with the driver
   uninstallation. If  the action was confirmed, the script
   uninstalls the driver and removes its files from the disk.
   (!) This step cannot be customized in uninstall.sh.

  Advanced use of UNINSTALL.SH

The assistant script "uninstall.sh" supports following parameters:

   uninstall.sh --help

    - displays the inline help

   uninstall.sh

    - runs the script "uninstall.sh" in the unattended mode

   install.sh --interactive

    - runs the script "uninstall.sh" in the interactive mode

Parameters:
--help        Display the "how to use" inline help
--interactive    Run the script in the interactive mode.
        If omitted, the script runs in the unattended mode.

2.4.2     Using the auxiliary makefile

The alternative way of deactivating & uninstalling the IFS
driver is to use the special makefile together with the system
utility "make".

The auxiliary makefile allows building the driver, installing
and uninstalling the driver, activating and deactivating the
module, removing the driver and its source files from the
system:

  Command               Action
Make        Build the binary module of the IFS driver.
make install    Install the driver in the system
        (the driver should be built first)
Make load    Activate the driver
        (the driver should be installed first)
Make unload    Deactivate the driver
Make remove    Uninstall the driver from the system
        (the driver must be deactivated first)
make clean    Remove all files of the IFS driver from the disk
        (the driver must be uninstalled first)

  Deactivating the IFS driver

1. Login as root user.
2. Manually dismount all NTFS drives
   (use the "umount" command for this purpose).
3. Execute the command "rmmod ufsd"
   This command will deactivate the module and unload it from
   memory.
   (!) If the driver module remains used by the system, the
   message "Device or resource busy" will appear.

  Uninstalling the IFS driver

1. Login as root user.
2. Go to the directory, where the driver source files are placed.
   By default, it would be the directory "/usr/tmp".
3. Go to the subdirectory "./ifslinux".
4. Execute the command "make remove"
   This command will uninstall the IFS driver from the system.
   (!) No errors or "undefined symbol" messages should appear!
5. Execute the command "make clean"
   This command will remove driver's files from disk.
   (!) No errors or "undefined symbol" messages should appear!

2.5  Using "NTFS for Linux" IFS driver

After building and installing the IFS driver, it can be
automatically load at the system startup. The driver allows to
mount NTFS partitions and to get a plain access to their
contents.

  Mounting NTFS partitions

To get an access to a NTFS partition, use the standard command
"mount" with a file system type which is set to "ufsd".

  Unmounting NTFS partitions

To unmount a NTFS partition, use the standard command "umount".

  Choosing the codepage/charset for NTFS partitions

The format of filenames on NTFS partitions differs from text
presentation standards used in Linux. To accommodate NTFS
standards to Linux ones, character translation is required. The
character translation uses "charset" or  "codepage" information
for correct translation non-English characters between NTFS and
Linux.

Unfortunately the IFS driver is unable automatically detect
Linux system settings. For this reason, the user must assign
character set for filenames translation manually.

The standard Linux command "mount" allows choosing the character
set that be used for the filenames translation, the "iocharset"
parameter is used for this purpose.

The assistant script "install.sh" provides the ability of
defining the character set for all automatically mounted NTFS
partitions, the "iocharset" parameter is used for this purpose.
One should realize that character set assigned to NTFS driver
should conform to the actual locale settings in Linux.
Otherwise, non-English filenames on NTFS partitions will remain
unreadable.

Examples:

1. Mounting a NTFS partition:

       mkdir /mnt/test_ntfs
    mount -t ufsd /dev/hda6 /mnt/test_ntfs

2. Dismounting a partition:

       umount /mnt/test_ntfs

3. Changing access rights to "read-only":

    mount -t ufsd -o remount,ro /dev/hda6 /mnt/test_ntfs

4. Choosing the character set to be used with NTFS partitions,
   when installing the IFS driver:

    ./install.sh --iocharset=utf8

5. Choosing the character set to be used with NTFS, when
   mounting partitions manually:

    mount -t ufsd -o iocharset=koi8-r /dev/hdb1 /mnt/test_ntfs

            3: Troubleshooting

3.1 Can't compile Linux dirver
   1. Read System requirements section, make sure all tools are functional. For more
      information, please read kernel documents.
   2. Linux kernel must be configured correctly.

When I `insmod ufsd.o', there are some error messages.

3.2 ufsd.o: kernel-module version mismatch
   That means kernel version mismatch.
   1. check kernel source version in `/usr/src/linux/include/linux/version.h'
   2. check the currently running kernel version
      #uname -r

   3. Both two version must match.
   4. If not match, please reconfigure kernel.

3.3 ufsd.o: create_module: Operation not permitted
   That means you must have root privilege to load driver.

3.4 insmod: a module named ufsd already exists
   That means driver have been loaded.  Ther is no need to load it again.
   Driver status can be found by using following command
   #lsmod |grep ufsd

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